ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY©

Prof. Ignat Ignatov©

Dr. Irena Ivanova©

The description of each disease is divided into two parts. There is a brief anatomy and physiology explanation. This information is requisite for all those who practice unconventional (alternative) methodics. After each disease, the algorithm for diagnostics is shown depending on its etiology.

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DISEASES OF THE LOCOMOTORY SYSTEM

Thelocomotory apparatus consists of bones, muscles, joints and tendons.The bones are the passive, and the muscles – the active part of thelocomotory system.

ARTHROSIS

Arthrosisis the most widespread disease of the locomotory apparatus. Itaffects different joints.

The two sexes are equally affected. According to statistics, the most prevalent is the arthrosis of the spine (Spondylarthrosis Deformans), followed by arthrosis of the knee joint (Gonarthrosis), of the pelvic-femoral joint (Coxarthrosis), etc. The degenerative changes with age should not be confused with the illness of arthrosis itself. According to biomechanical theories, this illness develops when there is a mechanical disparity between the strain on a certain joint and the ability of the cartilage to bear it.

The more advanced the illness, the more it is accompanied by a painsymptomatic.

The reasons for the origination of arthrosis are many: traumas, past diseases, static anomalies, inborn malformations and hereditary predisposition.

Foroptimal treatment, the strain on the diseased joint should be kept toa minimum.

There is a great number of healers who are very good at adjusting dislocated joints. A joint that is not well adjusted after a trauma, is a prerequisite for the appearance of arthrosis. For this reason, many sportsmen get affected by this disease after termination of theiractive competitive activity.

ARTHRITIS

When a certain joint is inflamed, we are talking about arthritis, and the joint pain is called arthralgia. Two of the most frequently occurring forms of arthritis are rheumatoid arthritis and infectious-allergic arthritis.

RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

Rheumatoid Arthritis is an illness spread among people who live in damp and cold places. There are a number of hypotheses for its origin –infectious, autoimmune, hereditary, etc. For now the autoimmune hypotheses is most acceptable as it can clarify the different mechanisms of rheumatoid arthritis. The hypothesis explains how the joint ligaments and the capsule are being destroyed. This illness usually affects children and young people. If it appears at a later age, it is probably a recurrence from a younger age. In the first stage of the disease, osteoporosis (decrease of bone density) is being observed and the joint slot is preserved.

At this stage, a successful operation can be effected and after it patient can feel good for years. In the initial stage man does not pay attention and the process can lead to deformities of the affected joints. The disease is usually manifested in the small joints, but gradually the large ones are prevailed as well. This is already rheumatoid polyarthritis.

In the second phase of the disease, complex organic changes are initiated.Alterations of the joint capsule occur, the muscles that set inmotion the ailing joint melt, fingers and toes get immobilized.Rheumatoid arthritis leads to disability. The disease affects internal organs as well.

INFECTIOUS ARTHRITIS

As a result of an infectious and allergic process in the organism,prerequisites for the inflammation of one or more joints can occur.Pain, swellings and limitation of the movement of the ailing joints appear, like in all arthritic cases.

When a microbe agent has gotten into the joint, the treatment is easier. The Infection is treated in an anti-inflammatory way with biotherapy. Disadvantage is that bio-energy can be concentrated in the ailing joint.

During Treatment and after that, there should be a follow-up of how atmospheric changes and movement affect the patient.

Colds are to be reckoned with. If there are inflammatory processes in the organism (sinusitis, granulomas, etc.), they should be treated first and then the infectious arthritis.

When an allergy is the reason for the joint inflammation, treatment is harder. The allergen should be discovered with a test – it could be medications, pollen, chemical substances, etc. Until a precise diagnosis is made, no herbal remedies should be applied either, because they could contain allergens. After the establishment of the diagnosis and the successful treatment of the allergy, arthritis could be effectively treated with bio-influence.

OSTEOCHONDROSIS (DISCOPATHY)

There are many professions in which the spine is seriously strained. Straining, like age changes and past infections leads to degenerative alterations of the spine. As a result of this, the space between the vertebrae gets constricted and this leads to discopathy. In the horizontal part of the vertebral, osteophytes (exostoses) occur, because the inter-vertebral disks are crushed.

Osteochondrosis Is most often observed in the five lumbar vertebrae (L1-5). The next location, susceptible to the disease, is the area of the seven cervical vertebrae (С1-7). The twelve thoracic vertebrae (Тh1-12)are least affected. A particular case of illness of the spinal vertebrae is the Spina bifida – inborn breach in the connection of the vertebral arcs. Spina bifida can be closed and open. The open one occurs very rarely. The closed one affects most often the lower lumbar or the upper sacral vertebrae. This type of anomaly can have no clinical symptoms or there could be bedwetting in children, radiculitis or sciatica.

Some important rules should be known in order not to let the illness turnchronic and to safeguard ourselves from further change for the worse.

Each kilogram above the norm leads to a larger strain on the spine. The space between the vertebrae decreases and prerequisites for discopathy occur. This is why the treatment of such people will only have a temporary effect, if they do not take serious measures to reduce their redundant weight. The osteochondroses received after pregnancy are of similar character. The spine of women is under heavy strain and especially in the last months before the birth the probability of getting discopathy is very big. Several days after the birth, medical procedures can be applied, which are always effective as the trauma is recent.

People who are completely healthy could also have prerequisites for osteochondrosis, the reason for this being the incorrect position of the body when sitting or staying upright. When a person walks with an abdomen protruding forward and a light crouch, he puts a rather heavy strain on the fifth lumbar vertebra. He feels relief if he is slightly relaxed and his waist is somewhat to the back. When a person walks and sits, he should never bend for a longer time to the left orto the right or twist his body, because this puts an additional strain on the spine. If we sit on our pelvis and place our hands on our waist, we will be surprised by the great strain that is felt where. The situation changes if we move the strain to the hips. Then The risks of developing discopathy are fewer.

Osteochondrosis is accompanied by neurological problems – sciatica, radiculitis, plexitis. With correct therapy, complaints disappear. It is perilous to apply different techniques on the spine in cases of disk hernia, Spina bifida, Bekhterev’s disease, spondylarthrosis, in old people and pregnant women.

TENDOVAGINITIS

Tendovaginitis Is a chronic inflammation of the tendons and their sheaths. The Reason for its appearance is unknown. The inflammation is not due to bacterial infection. Focal points and chronic overstress are of significance.

Tendovaginitis Can be nonspecific (provoked by identical movements of one muscle ora group thereof) or specific – in cases of rheumatoid arthritis, tuberculosis and suppurative processes.

With the advancement of the disease, swellings and pain become stronger and movement of the fingers becomes impossible, because of the inflammation of the tendons’ sheaths.

MYOSITIS

In many people, pain and muscle swellings can emerge. They have a temporary character and often disappear after a rest. These illnesses are exceptionally favorably influenced by natural means. Compresses Indicated for arthritis have a very good effect in these cases.

OSTEOPOROSIS

Osteoporosis Appears when bone density decreases due to loss of mineral substances. The reasons for these diseases can be due to advanced age can result from other illnesses. After the age of 45, the decrease of bone substance is very strongly manifested. After menopause, the loss is doubled in women. This is why bones of aging people are easily broken and hard to heal after a fracture.

Bekhterev’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis and arthrosis lead to osteoporosis. The Diseases of the locomotory system are not the only ones to provoke a rarefying of the bone tissue. Blood cancer, alcoholism, liver and kidney disease often lead to osteoporosis. People who have used steroid hormones are also at a risk. Last but not least, therarefying of the bone tissue is influenced by hereditary predisposition.

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DISEASES OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

RHINITIS (COLD)

Rhinitis is the most common disease of the upper respiratory tract. It can appear independently or it can be the initial phase of an infectious process.

Rhinitis is caused by different viruses or microorganisms (bacteria). Besides The infection, conducive factors are also observed as a chill,overwork, intoxication, etc., as it is well known that healthy people do not get a cold. The cooling even of body parts, which are distant from the nose, causes neural-reflex disturbances in the nasal mucosa and decrease of its resistance possibilities. In infectious diseases, the agents of the cold reach the nose through the blood flow. An acute cold can also appear in the inhalation of harmful gases, of dry hot air, etc.

Acute rhinitis can become chronic. Frequent acute rhinitis can lead topermanent changes in the nasal mucosa resulting in chronic rhinitis. The diseases of the cardiovascular system, the liver and the kidneys can also lead to chronic rhinitis. The different allergic states andmetabolic disturbances cause permanent nasal changes – the cause ofthe chronic cold.

Chronicrhinitis can be: catarrhal hypertrophic (most often caused by adistortion of the nasal barrier) and atrophic (obscure etiology).

The review of the prime causes for the appearance of rhinitis shows it is not easily curable. It is most difficult to treat when the patient has problems with his cardiovascular system, the liver or the kidneys. In such cases, if these diseases are not treated as well, the effect of the influence on the cold is only temporary. When allergies are suspected, a test should be made. There should be no herb intake before that as herbs could contain allergens.

ACUTE LARYNGITIS

Acutelaryngitis is one of the most common diseases of the upperrespiratory tract. Its conducive factors are the general and thelocal cold. It can also be caused by different chemical andmechanical irritants, acute infections in the organism. It is mostfrequent in the autumn-winter period and in the beginning of spring.

The disease is characterized by throat dryness, dry and irritating cough and a hoarse voice..

CHRONIC LARYNGITIS

Chronic Laryngitis often develops after frequent acute inflammations of the larynx, after chronic overstrain of vocal cords, alcohol and cigarette abuse, continuous inhalation of air containing dust and other irritating chemical substances. If the factors causing the illness are eliminated, it can be completely treated, in the contrary case, the patient could reach full aphonia (loss of voice).

LUNG EMPHYSEMA

Lung Emphysema is a dilation of the alveoli. Usually it is related to chronic bronchitis and the two diseases often go together. The causes of emphysema are many – smoking, dust and gases into the air, everyday life factors, cold and damp climate, infections, etc. Men are more prone to this disease than women. Emphysema is often observed in old age.

BRONCHIAL ASTHMA

Bronchial Asthma is an allergic disease characterized with periodic fits of expiratory air (constriction during expiration) due to a spasm of the smooth musculature of the bronchiole. As a result of this spasm, edema of the bronchial mucosa and an intensified secretion is observed.

Bronchial asthma develops as a result of the organism susceptibility to some allergens. Upon repeated contact of the human organism with the same allergens, an antigen-antibody reaction is observed, a bronchial spasm develops and dense secretion is retained in the bronchi.

The Allergens that participate in the appearance of this allergic reaction are: external (from the environment) and internal (bacterial, hormonal, etc.)

The Asthmatic fit – the most characteristic manifestation of the disease, could last from several minutes to several hours. Fits would be repeated over a different interval of time – every day, several times a day, every several weeks, etc. The factors determining their gravity and frequency cannot be determined precisely.

SINUSITIS

Generally, sinusitis could be acute or chronic.

Acute sinusitis appears most often after an acute rhinitis. Different teeth diseases (granulomas, cysts, etc. of the 5th, 6th,7th and 8th tooth of the upper jaw) could causea maxillary sinusitis. Sinusitis is caused by allergies, bacteria (streptococci, staphylococci, pneumococci) or flu viruses. The maxillary sinuses are most often affected by the infection.

Acute sinusitis can become chronic usually after incorrect treatment or due to lack of treatment. The distortion of the nasal barrier, the hypertrophied processes and the tumor masses in the nose, as well as the untreated purulent processes in the teeth area could further the development of chronic sinusitis.

Besides Maxillary, there is also sphenoid (above the maxillary sinuses) and frontal (on the forehead) sinusitis.

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DISEASES OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

HYPERTONIC DISEASE (HIGH BLOODPRESSURE)

Hypertensionis a common disease and a serious medical problem. Nervous and mentalexhaustion plays a basic role in its manifestation. High bloodpressure is often a problem for intellectuals, scientific workers,etc. Some additional factors, like hereditary predisposition, arealso of significance for the development of the disease. Peoplebetween 40 and 60 years of age are most prone to hypertonia. Yetrecently the disease occurs among younger people as well. Both sexessuffer equally from it. The city population suffers more.

Hypertension That has appeared without a provable reason is called essential. It Occurs in 80 percent of the cases. In the remaining 20 percent, we have the symptomatic (secondary) hypertonia. The reason for the systolic limit to be above 140, and the diastolic limit to be above 90 mm of the mercury column, is in diseases of the internal organs and of the endocrine glands. Chronic nephritis, pyelonephritis, polycystic kidneys are the most frequent diseases leading to highblood pressure. Atherosclerosis, thyroid hyperfunction, pituitary hyperfunction, adrenal hyper-function, diseases of the aorta, are the next factors causing hypertension.

The most frequent complaints of the patient are nervous agitation, headache, tachycardia, vertigo, dizziness, nose bleed, easy fatigue. In the beginning of the disease, the arterial pressure in certain moments rises above the norm. This is the first stage. At this point treatment is most favorable. If no serious attention is paid, the systolic and the diastolic indications remain constantly increased.Then we have hypertension stage II. Changes in the retina are observed, the heart could undergo hypertrophic alterations, later onan insufficiency of the left chamber appears. Around 80 percent of the patients have ischemic disease. The kidney functions are impeded. With the advancement of hypertension, secondary pyelonephritis and kidney failure can occur. All organic changes are related to stage III of the disease.

High blood pressure is one of the most hazardous factors for civilized man. It Could lead to brain stroke, hypertonic infarction and kidney failure.

HYPOTONIC DISEASE (LOW BLOODPRESSURE)

Hypotonia Is characterized with low blood pressure and increase of the venous inflow to the heart. This raises the work of the cardiac muscle and chronically burdens it. The hypotonia disturbances originate from nerve and mental stress related to the cortex and the subcortex.

AUTHORMETHODIC OF DR. IGNATOV© FOR THE BIO-TREATMENT OF HYPERTONIA ANDHYPOTONIA

The methodic for the treatment of high and low blood pressure is based onan influence on the sympathetic and the parasympathetic part of the vegetative nervous system. When the vegetative nervous system does not work in harmony, changes in blood pressure occur. In each man,one of the hands emits a stronger energy current. The temperature of this hand is higher and provisionally we accept it as positive. The Hand with the weaker energy and with the lower temperature is negative. According to the character of the disease, the hand that influences is of great significance for the positive medical effect.

In hypertonia, the weaker hand should be used to obtain a soothing effect. Of high blood pressure is a result of a neurosis, a general tranquilization procedure is effected. Blood pressure decreases when the palm is perpendicular to the spine and slowly moves downwards. After the completion of one pass, the movements are repeated again.After that the hand is placed on the solar plexus. One should knowhow much to correct the blood pressure. It is best to regulate 10-20mm of the mercury column from the systolic and diastolic indications in one procedure. When values fall below 140/90 and are retained for several days, a permanent effect could be sought. The healer willassess when to terminate the influence, and the purpose is to obtain a result that is to last for at least two years.

There are plenty of cases of permanently influenced blood pressure when the reason for the ailment is on a nerve and mental basis. The results are much more valuable if there is influence on symptomatic hypertonia. Then, besides the application of the methodic for the influence of high blood pressure, a correct treatment of the ailing organ should also be effected. Without an improvement of its functions, the result from the procedures would be temporary.

In hypotonia the work is the same with the only difference that the strong hand is used and movements start under the coccyx and endabove the head. A tranquilizing influence on the head is performed as well.

The treatment of high and low blood pressure is an objective criterion for influence on the vegetative and the central nervous system.

TACHYCARDIA

Tachycardia is an acceleration of cardiac activity in a state of rest with over 100 beats per minute. The cardiac rhythm is correct. The disease creates unfavorable conditions for cardiac activity as the heart expends more energy and the oxygen consumption is bigger.

BRADYCARDIA

Bradycardia Is the slowdown of the cardiac rhythm to over 50 beats per minute.The cardiac rhythm is correct. Very rarely the cardiac rhythm falls below 40 beats per minute. The physiological Bradycardia occurs in sportsmen, in cases of fright, in cold weather.

ARRHYTHMIA

Arrhythmia is the alternation of decreased and increased cardiac activity. There are two types of arrhythmia.

EXTRASYSTOLIA

The extrasystole is a premature contraction of the cardiac muscle, which disrupts the correct sequence of the cardiac contractions. The Extrasystole can be functional, reflex, toxic, mechanic and organic. Most people with extrasystole don’t have cardiac diseases.Nerve-reflex extrasystole appear in a reflex way through the stimulation of other external organs, most frequently the ones on the abdominal cavity. Extrasystole can occur in different organic cardiac diseases as well.

PAROXYSMAL TACHYCARDIA

Paroxysmal Tachycardia is a paroxysmal acceleration of the cardiac rhythm (above 160-200 beats per minute), which remains correct. This tachycardia starts and ends abruptly.

STENOCARDIA

Stenocardia Is characterized by fits of chest pain. The basic reason for the pains is the ischemia. In some cases stenocardia occurs due to straining. It can also occur due to hypertonic states, thyrotoxicosis, valvular heart diseases. Fits of stenocardia are possible even in a state of rest. Fits appearing during the night, when a person is asleep, have the worse prognoses.

The stenocardiac pain is localized behind the breast bone. It spreads to the neck, to the left half of the chest, along the left arm down to the small and the fourth finger. The pain continues from 2 to 10 minutes. It doesn't last for hours. A pain that does not correspond to the description given above is not a stent cardiac pain.

ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE (IHD)

Ischemic Heart disease (IHD) is an ailment of the coronary arteries, expressed in a constriction or occlusion of these arteries. As a result of this, coronary blood flow is impeded and the heart suffers due to oxygen insufficiency. The acute myocardial ischemia is manifested as stenocardia or infarction. Chronic ischemia most often leads to heart failure or rhythm disorders.

IHD is awidespread disease. Men are most prone to it, and it occurs in increasingly younger persons.

The most frequent reason for the appearance of IHD is the atherosclerosis of the coronary vessels. It occurs in 90 percent of the patients with stenocardia or infarction. In a very small percentage of the patients, mainly young people or hypertonic patients, the IHD cause is vessel spasm.

RHEUMATISM

Rheumatism is a widespread disease. Most authors think that this is an infectious disease, because of its cyclical nature and the high temperature that accompanies it as well as the inflammatory alterations in the tissues and the organs. It is accepted that rheumatism is caused by the beta-hemolytic streptococci. According to the allergy theory, rheumatism is an allergic disease.

The factors conducive to a streptococci infection and respectively to a rheumatic disease are: the season, the humidity, the colder, the traumas, the overstrain, and also the poor nutrition and the lack of vitamins.

Statistics Indicates that the number one disease affecting the heart of children's rheumatism, and of adults – polyarthritis.

HEMORRHOIDS

Hemorrhoids are an expansion of the venous anal plexus. They could be internal and external. As a result of the pressing of the abdominal wall due to tumors, pregnancy and liver diseases, symptomatic hemorrhoids are observed.

The factors leading to the formation of hemorrhoids are divided into two types:

The disease is slow and takes years.

ANEMIA

Anemia is a disease of the blood, characterized by a decrease of the content of hemoglobin in the red blood cells and the decrease of erythrocytes mass. The reasons are loss of blood, less iron and vitamin B12 in the organism and erythrocyte destruction.

VARICOSE VEINS

Varicose Veins are a permanent expansion of the veins, accompanied by alterations of their walls. Most often varicose veins occur in the lower extremities, and very rarely do they occur in the upper extremities. In this expansion, veins increase their size and length,as a result of which the characteristic undulation of the vessels is achieved.

The reasons for the appearance of the disease are unknown. Different factors are of significance – inborn weakness of the connective tissue, flat feet, etc. There are mechanic preconditions for varicose veins – standing upright for too long, in this position the venous pressure is increased.

There are two types of lower extremities varicose veins:

The factthat four-legged mammals do not suffer from varicose veins suppliesus with precious information regarding prophylaxis and treatment. Inthese mammals blood pressure in the extremities is symmetricallydistributed. People who work standing upright for long periods oftime, should benefit from doing the plough asana. Due to its toningeffect, it shouldn’t be done in the evening and in cases ofhypertonia. The treatment of varicose veins should be avoided incases of thrombophlebitis.

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DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM, THE LIVER AND THE GALL BLADDER

GASTRITIS

Gastritis is an inflammation of the stomach mucosa. It can be acute andchronic.

Acute Gastritis is a damage of the stomach mucosa as a result of thermal, mechanical, allergic, infectious and other reasons. The consumption of large quantities of alcohol and medication can also be conducive to its appearance. Acute gastritis develops quickly, runs favorably, and passes for several days. Its frequent occurrence can lead to chronic status.

Some basic nutrition rules should be observed in the treatment of gastritis and of other inflammations of the stomach and intestinal tract. The Consumption of cellulose food, of fried, hot and cold foods should be limited. No peppery, salty and sour foods should be consumed as they strongly irritate the stomach mucosa and the intestines.

STOMACH ULCER

The stomach ulcer occurs rarely compared to the duodenum ulcer. It appears most often between the 45th and the 55thyear and men are most prone to it than women.

It is considered that this ulcer is due to damage mechanisms of the stomach mucosa. The acidity of the gastric juice is of no decision significance because it is not increased in cases of stomach ulcers.The chronic inflammatory processes of the stomach mucosa, the intake of medication, etc., influence the development of the ulcer.

The stomach ulcer can be acute and chronic and of different size. Thepain appears soon after eating, it is felt in the pit of the stomach and is of a scalding and elastic character. Night pains are rare. Nausea and vomiting are also observed. In many cases the ulcer can be asymptomatic until healed or until a rupture and a hemorrhage appear.

DUODENAL ULCER

The duodenal ulcer is the most frequent type of ulcer. It appears most often in the ages between 20 and 50. In many of the cases, complaints are observed long before the ulcer is diagnosed. Men are most prone to this disease. In a large percentage of patients with duodenal ulcer, an individual predisposition is observed, most often related to the reactivity of the vegetative nervous system. Hereditary Predisposition should also be taken under consideration.

Duodenalulcers most often occur in people with strenuous professions,irregular eating habits and disturbed sleep.

The disease is chronic and has a recurring character. Pain is usually related to nervous over stress and fatigue. It usually appears in the spring and in the autumn, most often between 16-17 o’clock. No pain appears in the morning on an empty stomach. Usually the appetite is not disturbed. The disease can appear regardless of age and can have a varying duration.

ENTERITIS

Enteritis is an inflammation of the small intestines. Usually the stomach and colon are also affected and actually the diagnosis turns out tobe gastroenteritis vs enterocolitis. Enteritis as an isolated illness of the small intestines is very rare.

There are diverse reasons for the development of acute enteritis. There are also conducive factors, like poor nutrition, traumas and colds,tendency towards allergic reactions with the intake of specific foods. The disturbances of the diet, the toxic foods, the toxic and infectious agents (bacteria, viruses, etc.) are of greatest significance.

The chronic inflammation of the small intestines leads to chroni centeritis. It could be a consequence of the acute enteritis or could originate straight away, without an acute stage.

COLITIS

Colitis is inflammation of the colon, which is usually affected by the inflammatory process together with the small intestines. The reason for the origination of acute colitis can be different infectious agents or diet disturbances. The illness has colic-like pains along the colon and diarrhea excrements.

The factors for the development of chronic colitis are the same like thefactors related to acute colitis. Chronic colitis is characterized bypain, diarrhea or constipation, colon hemorrhage.

Constipationis one of the symptoms characteristic for chronic colitis. This is the retention of excrements for more than 48 hours. The consistence of the excrements becomes hard due to their longer stay into the colon and this leads to a more intensive absorption of water on their part. Constipation occurs frequently in people who have a sedentary way of life, and also in people who do not consume fruit andvegetables.

CHRONIC HEPATITIS

This is the name used to denote all inflammatory alterations of the liver. Chronic hepatitis can appear after viral hepatitis, but can also bean accompanying disease, and could also be the result of chronic hepatitis or appear under the influence of different toxic substances and medications.

CHOLELITHIASIS

Cholelithiasis is among the most frequent diseases. Women are most prone to thedisease than men, but in younger age. It is believed that pregnancy is conducive to the appearance of cholelithiasis.

Gallbladder stones are also observed in children under the age of 10, but only in overweight girls. Cholelithiasis occurs twice as often in diabetic patients. Clinical manifestations of the disease are not observed in all people with gall stones. The size and the number of the stones are also of significance. Gall bladder colics also appear often in a multitude of small stones, which enter the canals. Large Stones do not provoke complaints, the illness is asymptomatic and is most often discovered by chance during a test made for a different reason.

Gallbladder colics are provoked by different irritants – fried food,alcohol, physical strain, etc. The duration of the pain lasts up to several hours and is accompanied by nausea and vomiting.

GALLBLADDER DYSKINESIA

The disturbed normal motorics of the gallbladder canals is called dyskinesia. There is no organic reason for these disturbances. Dyskinesia appears when there is functional inconsistency between the musculature of the gallbladder and the sphincter through which the gallbladder pours into the duodenum. Complaints are observed in persons with nervous-vegetative dystonia. Most often these are neurotic women, and their complaints are intensified during nervous tension. Pains are changeable and depend on different unfavorable influences.

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DISEASES OF THE URINARY SYSTEM

ACUTE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS

This frequently occurring disease is a hematogenic inflammation of the kidneys. The reason for the development of acute glomerulonephritis is a past infection, most often a streptococci one - tonsillitis, sinusitis, tooth granuloma, etc. The remaining infections like flu,pneumonia, wound infection, are of less significance. Cold and dampness are conducive to the aggravation of the existing infectious foci. The patient feels languid and sleepy, complains of headache and body aches.

CHRONIC NEPHRITIS

Chronic nephritis appears most often after acute glomerulonephritis or after its incomplete treatment. The disease pervades the kidney parenchyma. No specific reasons causing chronic nephritis have been proven. There are cases when acute glomerulonephritis is asymptomatic, continues for several years without treatment and results in chronic nephritis. During the disease, aggravations are often observed. The most important thing for the treatment of chronic nephritis is to find the acute glomerulonephritis on time and to cure it.

Chronic Kidney failure and uremia are often developed as a result of chronic nephritis. Men are more prone to the disease.

When the infection pervades the renal pelvis, pyelitis appears. When it develops together with nephritis, we are talking about pyelonephritis.

Treatment Starts with a diet. The intake of liquids should be increased, especially mineral water and juices. Peppery, sour and salty foods,alcohol and coffee should be avoided.

Glomerulonephritis And pyelonephritis lead to the decrease of urine secretion. This can be caused by kidney stones or by kidney tumors.

CYSTITIS

Cystitis is an inflammation of the mucosa of the urinary bladder. It is caused by different irritants and microorganisms. Conducive factors are:colds, traumas of the urinary bladder, urine retention, tumors, pregnancy.

The infection could enter the urinary bladder through the urethra in which there are always pathogenic microorganisms in general. It could also be due to different inflammations of the kidneys through the urine flow. In cases of tonsil ailments and tuberculosis, the infection can reach the urinary bladder through the blood flow.

Cystitis could be acute and chronic. Acute cystitis is characterized with pains that differ in intensity and increase at the end of urination;after that a burning sensation is felt for a long time. Sometimes Bleeding is observed.

With chronic cystitis, complaints are more weakly expressed. Not only inflammations of the kidneys and the urinary bladder can lead to the appearance of blood in the urine. This could also be caused by kidney stones, allergies, tumors, hydronephrosis. The elongated clots showkidney bleeding, and the formless clots – from the urinary bladder.

When the urinary bladder is inflamed, urinary incontinence may appear. This Happens when after a continuous cystitis, the urine bladder does not perform its functions very well. There is also incontinence when the pelvic organs have prolapsed, in mental and endocrine diseases.

URETHRITIS

This is an inflammation of the urinary bladder. Most often the process originates in relation to Venereal diseases and even after their treatment, the problem remains. The patient feels pain and burning sensation during urination, there is a mucus matter outflow. Of the acute phase is not being treated, the illness becomes chronic. Piquant foods and alcohol should be avoided during treatment. The Patient should discontinue sexual contacts until full recovery.

NEPHROLITHIASIS

Nephrolithiasisis a common disease. Kidney stones are formed due to differentfactors – drinking water, food, peculiarities of the kidneysthemselves, urine stagnancy, etc.

Kidney Stones have different size and form. There may not be any complaints due to their presence for a long time and the kidney colics can appear only when the stones start moving along the urinary tracts. Pain is sudden and localized in the lumbar area. It spreads along the course of the urinary tracts to the urinary bladder. The duration of the colics is from several hours to several days. Often the pain is accompanied by nausea, vomiting and fever.

Depending on the acid-alkaline character of urine (рН), different increments are formed. Water has a рН = 7 and is neutral. Acids have a рНfrom 1 to 7, and alkali – from 7 to 11. Urine is neutral when рНis from 6,4 to 6,7. The hardest stones are formed in a urine of low acidity – these are the calcium-oxalate stones. In higher acidity urine, urate stones are formed. The alkaline urine is suitable for the formation of phosphate stones. Calcium-phosphate stones are formed in a medium of low alkalinity, and magnesium-ammonia-phosphate stones in a medium of higher alkalinity.

The intakeof diverse food leads to the formation of urine that is differentwith regard to pH. This means that in order to have a successfultreatment of nephrolithiasis, mineral water should be drank and aproper diet should be applied. People who form oxalate stones shouldcease eating foliar vegetables, sugar products and plums. They shouldlimit the intake of milk products and tuberous vegetables.

In cases of urate stones, milk products, tuberous vegetables and fruits are recommended. Animal intestines should be limited as they are rich inpurines.

In order to limit the formation of the phosphate stones, meat and fish should be consumed, and intake of milk, fruit and vegetables should be limited.

In the natural treatment of nephrolithiasis, attention should be paid to the fact that the diameter of the two urinary tracts coming out of the kidneys is from 2 to 5mm. Stones with a larger diameter are difficult to excrete from the kidneys. It is good to find the illness in its initial stage. Then the probability for successful treatment is higher.

ENDOCRINE DISEASES

The endocrine glands produce vital hormones. They are richly blood-supplied and their content is poured directly into the blood.They are related to the vegetative nervous system, which they influence. The central nervous system also has an effect on the endocrine glands.

THYROID GLAND

The Thyroid gland is situated on both sides of the larynx and consists of two parts (lobes). It weighs around 35 g. The thyroid gland secretes the hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine. They Regulate the oxidizing processes in the tissues, the suction of carbohydrates and the digestion of fats and proteins. They increase the metabolism. The thyroid gland enlarged during menstruation and pregnancy.

THYROTOXICOSIS

Thyrotoxicosis Is a nervous-endocrine disease. It is characterized mainly by hyper-function of the thyroid gland, which reflects on the activity of many organs and systems.

Thyrotoxicosisoccurs rather often. Women are more prone to the disease than men.

One of the reasons for the development of thyrotoxicosis are different traumatic nervous and mental influences leading to a breakdown of the higher nervous activity. Other reasons are direct brain traumas, different acute infections and intoxications.

The Disease is characterized by increased irritability, decrease of mass, muscle weakness, increased perspiration, tachycardia, bulging of the eyes, disturbances of the menstrual cycle. A thyrotoxicosis crisis can appear under the influence of different viruses or bacterial infections during the course of the disease. Patients enter a state of excessive nervous, muscular and motor agitation, their temperature is high, they perspire heavily. The tachycardia can reach 180 beats per minute. Arrhythmia appears. If no emergency measures are taken, this agitation could lead to a coma, and, as a result of pulmonary edema, a tragic end could occur.

ENDEMIC GOITER

This is a disease, which affects a large part of the population in certain geographic regions in the mountainous and the semi-mountainous parts of our country, where water has a decreased content of iodine. The Disease is characterized by an increase of the thyroid gland. Other Factors are of importance for the development of this ailment, like poor living conditions, food with insufficient amounts of proteins and vitamins, badly balanced diet, predominantly with soya, beetroot,turnips, etc. The entire organism suffers, and the enlargement of the thyroid gland is the most obvious symptom. The function of the thyroid gland is not disturbed, with the exception of a very small percentage of the cases.

Safeguarding Against endemic goiter and the treatment of its mild forms is done by the intake of iodine into the organism under the form of potassium iodide contained in the iodized cooking salt.

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METABOLIC DISEASES

SUGAR DIABETES

Sugar diabetes is a metabolic disease and is caused mainly by a shortage of secreted insulin. It is usually observed above the age of 50. People who are overweight and obese are more prone to the disease. The insufficient quantity of insulin, which is formed in the pancreas, leads to a general disorder of metabolism. The main manifestations of diabetes are: increased amount of urine, intake of a large quantity of liquids, increased thirst, increased appetite.

There are two forms of diabetes – insulin-dependent and non-insulin dependent. The first form is observed at a younger age. The second is observed most often in adults.

Diabetes leads to damage of different organs and systems. The blood vessels in the eyes are affected (diabetic retinopathy), atherosclerosis appears, arterial hypertonia, cardiac insufficiency, lung complications, polynephritis, skin and kidney diseases.

When sugar in the blood is significantly increased (15-20 mmol), a diabetic coma is developed. Ketone bodies are formed.

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DISEASES OF THE SEXUAL SYSTEM

FEMALE SEXUAL ORGANS

OVARIAN INSUFFICIENCY

Ovarianinsufficiency is in the basis of some symptoms, which can be acceptedas separate disease categories. Some of them are: delayed firstmenstruation, functional amenorrhea (lack of menstruation),hypoplasia (insufficient development) of the uterus, painfulmenstruation, etc.

It cannot be said whether the disturbances are purely functional or there are anatomical changes as well because the ovaries change their anatomical structure every month. Nevertheless, they are referred to as functional ovarian bleedings.

INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF THE OVARIES

Inflammations of the ovaries comprise around 10% of the diseases of female sexualorgans. Usually these diseases pervade the tubes as well due to their anatomical position. Sterility reasons in women are largely due to inflammatory processes in the ovaries. These processes are caused bydifferent types of microorganisms. The infections spread in anascending direction (most often) and in a descending direction in theblood flow. Incorrectly performed manipulations could be conducive toinfections.

OVARIAN CYSTS

Ovarian cysts are a type of benign tumor formations. There are different types. It is possible to treat polycystic ovaries with natural methods.

In somecysts, spontaneous resorbtion of their content occurs and they can bepunctured during a gynecological test or to self-heal without complications.

MYOMA

The myoma is the most frequent tumor of the uterus. It occurs mainly in women aged between 36 and 45, mostly elderly, unmarried and without children. The reason for the origination of the tumor is unclear.There is an established relation between the ovarian function and the development of the myoma because after the removal of the ovaries,the myoma ceases to grow. The disease occurs very rarely in women above 50 years of age. After the ovaries discontinue their function,new myomas are not formed, and the existing ones cease to grow. Often Myomas don't give any symptoms and are discovered accidentally during medical examinations for a different purpose. Their most frequent symptom is the hypermenorrhea (heavy menstruation), which can be accompanied by pain. Some of the more rare symptoms are the different discharges, uterine contractions, pains in the waist and abdomen. When diagnosing the myoma, it has to be decided whether an operative treatment is needed.

MASTITIS AND MASTOPATHY

Mastitisis an inflammation of the mammary gland canals and is received aftergiving birth. The first thing to do is to drain the mammary glands.

Mastopathyis inflammation of the mammary glands. The reason can be diseases past or it can be hormonal.

MALE SEXUAL ORGANS

ACUTE PROSTATITIS

This is an acute inflammation of the prostate. The reasons could be different – cystitis, urethritis, stones in the urinary bladder, infection transferred with the blood flow from purulent foci like angina, pneumonia, etc. Chronic constipation and sedentary way of life are conducive to this disease.

Acuteprostatitis is characterized by pain, fever, difficult urination.

CHRONIC PROSTATITIS

Developsmost often as a result of acute prostatitis. Characterized by a dull,unpleasant pain and disturbed sexual function.

Chronic Prostatitis is treated with difficult and often has acute phases.

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DISEASES OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

The nervous system is divided into a central, peripheral and vegetative nervous system. The central nervous system consists of brain(cerebrum) and spinal cord. The cranial nerves and the spinal nerves form the peripheral nervous system. Its function is to conduct the perceptions from the environment to the central nervous system and back. The analyzers – visual, auditory, dermal, vestibular, motor and motor speech – connect the central nervous system with the environment through the large number of nervous agitations entering the cerebral cortex.

The Diseases of the nervous system are functional and organic. Functional diseases, the disorder of the nervous tissue is transitory, but, as a principle, there are no functional disturbances without any structural alterations.

NEURALGIAS OF THE PERIPHERAL NERVES

They are a functional disease. The possible reasons could be: traumas,intoxication, poor blood supply, etc. the symptoms are: severe pain along the nerve appearing spontaneously upon pressure or stretching.According to the localization of the neuralgic pain, there is neuralgia of the trigeminal nerve, intercostal neuralgia, and neuralgia of the sciatic nerve (sciatica).

SCIATICA

Sciatica Is a common disease in which the pain along the sciatic nerve is the most important. It is caused by processes along the roots, the lumbar-sacral area and the stem of the nerve itself.

Sciatica is obtained as a result of local or general factors. The most important ones are spondylosis and osteochondrosis. All vertebral processes of tumor or inflammatory character in the root area can lead to neuralgia of the sciatic nerve. Some diseases of organs located in the pelvis (prostate or uterine carcinomas, adnexitis, etc.) could lead to this disease too. The sciatic nerve can also be damaged by injecting medication in its stem. Infections and intoxications do not play such an important role in the origination of sciatica. The leading cause for the sciatic nerve neuralgias is osteochondrosis. The colds, the focal infections, etc. are supplementary conditions.

RADICULITIS

Radiculitisis an inflammation of the nerve roots. In the sphere of thelumbar-sacral area of the spine these are the roots of the sciaticnerve. Radiculitis occurs most often in osteochondrosis in advancedyears. Rarely does the inflammation comprise only one root(monoradiculitis).

PLEXITIS

When the region where nerve roots crisscross and interconnect is affected,plexitis appears. Upon inflammation of the plexuses radiating from the first to the fourth cervical vertebra, we have cervical plexitis, from the fifth to the seventh there is brachial plexitis. The Intercostal plexuses radiate from the twelve thoracic vertebrae, the lumbar plexuses – from the lumbar vertebrae, and the sacral nerves– from the five sacral vertebrae.

NEURITIS OF THE PERIPHERAL NERVES

They belong to the organic obliteration of the anatomical structure of the nerve like degeneration or destruction of the nerve filaments.

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BRAIN DISEASES

NEUROSES

Neuroses are functional diseases of the brain characterized by disturbance of the higher nervous activity of man. They have a transitory character. The stage of neuroses depends on the strength of the external stimulant and on the type of higher nervous activity of man. There are three types of neurosis: neurasthenia, psychasthenia and hysteria.

NEURASTHENIA

This is a disease characterized by significantly heightened neural agitation (weak internal retention), but the patient tires easily. The reasons for neurasthenia are the external stimulants, which act strongly and for a long period of time. These are nervous tension, strained mental work, family conflicts, household disorders, unrealized desires.

Neurasthenia is expressed in two forms – hyperstenic and hypostenic.

In hyperstenic neurasthenia there is an increased agitation on insignificant occasions, strong reactions, increased emotional response, headache, pain in the heart, the stomach and in almost all internal organs, insomnia. The patient wakes up tired and is exhausted all throughout the day, has difficulty concentrating and remembering. His pulse is quickened.

The hyposthenic (suppressed) neurasthenia is expressed in almost the opposite symptoms. The reaction to external emotional stimulants is weak. The patient is flaccid, tired, unable to work, sleepy all throughout the day, does not enter into conflicts, takes everything in. He is usually gloomy (depressive syndrome), or fearful without a particular reason (fear syndrome). He often feel like crying, but sometimes – usually in the evening – he becomes more active. The hyposthenic neurasthenia form appears as a second stage of the hypersthenic neurasthenia.

The cardiac neurosis is part of the general neurasthenic disease and is expressed in cardiac pains and accelerated pulse. It is a functional disease of the nerve tissue of the heart without any anatomical or cardio-graphical alterations.

PSYCHASTHENIA AND HYSTERIA

With these two diseases treatment is effected under the control of a physician. If a person has epileptic or hysterical fits, the application of a non-contact massage is counter indicative due to its stimulating effect. Biotherapy is not utilized in hemorrhages, pregnancies, malignant tumors, diseases with an unclear etiology. It is also hard to obtain an effect in inborn diseases.

LOGONEUROSIS

Logoneurosis is a disease most often affecting children. Stress situations, mental fatigue, emotional fits leave traces on the still infirm children’s psyche and cause this type of neurosis. As a result of the experienced mental stress, a disorder of the speech-kinetic functions appears, which is manifested as an incapacity to switch from one sound to another (most often a voiceless consonant) in the beginning of the word.

This speech defect renders a negative influence on the child’s psyche. Inferiority complexes develop, which could play a pernicious role in the child’s further development as a person. For this reason, one mustn't wait for the defect to disappear, but should search for specialists in this field. With the passing of time, the “stuttering” deepens and acquires an automatic form, which becomes much harder to overcome.

Parallel with the logopedic sessions, psychiatric therapy in the family should also be effected. An obligatory condition is the provision of a serene atmosphere for play and studying. Walks in the park and mountain trips influence speech restoration favorably. The agents of affective mental states must be maximally isolated. Positive emotions, calm and quiet tone during dialogue are very beneficial. The speech of the stuttering child must be fluent, melodious, quiet, with rhythmic breathing. Contacts with children having the same defect should be avoided (this does not include specialized institutions for the treatment of this condition).

Logoneurosis is a serious ailment and the negligent attitude of parents could lead to a disorder of the entire mental state of the child.

MIGRAINE

Migraine is a strong and unpleasant headache located most often in one half of the head. It is manifested in attacks, which can continue from several minutes to several hours, even days. Sometimes it is accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Most often migraine attacks young people, especially women. Frequently the complaints are especially strong and painful and are not influenced by any medication.

Sometimes migraine is accompanied by an eye symptomatic (ophthalmological migraine), flashes of lighting appear in a zigzag form on the side of the headache, the function of the visual field on the same side is diminished. Then the patient temporarily loses vision on this side.The causes of migraine are not very clear. It is presumed that migraine appears as a result of vascular spasms and other microcirculatory disorders in the brain as a result of different disturbances: nervous vegetative agitation, mental overstrain and exhaustion, endocrine disturbances, metabolic disturbances, alcohol, nicotine and caffeine abuse.

Different means are used for its treatment as well as ways for improvement of the functional status of the nervous system and of the entire organism: physical methods for treatment and strengthening, physical culture, tourism, vitamin therapy. Some of the newer methods for reflex influencing of the pain like biotherapy, acupuncture also deserve attention. One should not forget that migraine patients have to be consulted and monitored by a neurologist and the treatment should be effected under his control.

BED WETTING

The reasons for this condition are varied: anomalies in the development of the urinary tracts, psychogenic factors, psycho traumas, different diseases (endocrine conditions, diabetes, epilepsy, schizophrenia, etc.).

The origination of this illness in children is related often to unfavorable family situations (family conflicts, entry into a nursery or a kindergarten, etc.). Disturbances are observed in all units of the nerve regulation of urination – from the cortex to the bladder innervation. The treatment can be started only after it is specified that there is a neurosis and a distinction is made with regard to other types of bed wetting due to epilepsy, schizophrenia, etc.

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DISEASES OF THE SENSORY ORGANS

The diseases whose indicators are permanent for many years and whose jumpin the result is replicable only with the applied bio energy therapy are especially interesting. It is requisite to prove a permanent effect from the applied treatment.

NEURITIS OF THE AUDITORY NERVE

The disease is related to an inflammation of the auditory nerve as a result of which hearing is diminished and in some cases this could lead to deafness. The damage is most often due to a viral infection,but can also be caused by toxic substances (mercury, lead, arsenic,quinine, different antibiotics like Gentamicin, Streptomycin, etc.). The loud noise, the vibrations, the sharp changes in atmospheric pressure could also damage the auditory nerve. Permanent decrease of hearing could be caused by some diseases like hypertonia,atherosclerosis, etc. The most frequent symptom of the neuritis of the auditory nerve is the ear noise. Sometimes there is nausea,vomiting, lack of balance.

OTONEUROLOGICAL SYNDROME

With thi sdisease there is a decrease in hearing. The syndrome is centrally nervous when the balance center is affected. Peripheral – when the innervation (connection) between the internal ear and thespinal-cerebral and the specific cranial-cerebral nerves (for example, the auditory nerve) is disturbed.

FARSIGHTEDNESS (HYPERMETROPIA)

Farsightedness is the most frequent anomaly in the refraction of the eye (irregularity in refraction), in which the focus of the light rays,which enter the eye, after their refraction by the cornea and the lens, does not fall precisely on the retina (like in the normal eye), but goes somewhere behind the eye. This defect in small and medium stages of farsightedness in younger individuals too can be overcome and compensated by accommodation, i.e., by the ability of the eye lens to increase their refraction power. This is why in such cases vision is normal and there are no complaints. Patients don't even know that they have such a problem. Yet, in higher stages and advanced age, this mechanism is no longer useful. Such patients complain of decrease in vision, some complain of headache, rapid fatigue of the eyes when using them at a close distance, eye reddening, frequent appearance of stye on the eyelids and in singular causes – strabismus with a functional dropping behind of the digress eye (lazy eye).

Farsightedness appears by birth. With the increase of age, it has the tendency to decrease to a certain degree because with the growing of the eye, is posterior part approaches the focus.

Treatment of farsightedness is affected with corrective glasses with spherical positive lens. The necessity of correction is assessed by the ophthalmologist individually depending on the degree of hypermetropia, on the age of the patient and his complaints.

Real Farsightedness must not be confused with presbyopia, which occurs after the age of 45 due to gradual exhaustion of accommodation, i.e.,it is a physiological phenomenon.

SHORTSIGHTEDNESS (MYOPIA)

Shortsightedness is a refraction anomaly of the eye where – the opposite offarsightedness – the focus of the refracted rays is before theretina. Shortsightedness is a more rare anomaly. There is nocompensation mechanism here, like in farsightedness, and because ofthis, far vision is decreased in all people with myopia – youngerand older. At close distance though, vision is normal. When myopiaexceeds 3 dioptres, in order to see clearly objects and details, theperson has to bring them closer than normal (33 cm) to his eyes.People suffering from myopia often squint.

Shortsightedness is inherited by parents and grandparents, but is also acquired mostlyduring the first 20-25 years.

In low andmedial stages of myopia (up to 6 dioptres), no specific alterationsin the eyes are observed. Such a myopia develops usually in schoolage and is called school myopia. It progresses slowly. Yet in higherstages (over 6, 10, 15 and more dioptres), pathological changes occurin the posterior eye segment – dilution of the vitreous body withthe appearance of flies, the eye membranes are stretched,degenerative changes in the chorioretina occur, especially in theyellow spot. Sometimes serious complications occur like hemorrhages,retina tearing. The visual ability is disturbed.

Treatment Of school myopia is done with correction glasses with negative lenses. In cases of high, progressing and degenerative myopia,medication and operative treatment is applied. Vitamins, tissue therapy, means for the improvement of eye nourishment and others are also applied.

Prophylaxis is very important – visual hygiene when reading, strengthening of the organism, correct professional orientation of the young, avoidance of strenuous physical exertion with head shaking and sharpeye movements, etc.

ASTIGMATISM

Astigmatism is a refraction anomaly in which the two main meridians of the eye doesn't reflect in the same way the light rays. For this reason, objects,both near and far, are not seen clearly. Besides the decrease of vision sharpness, there are also other complaints: headache, rapideye fatigue, eye reddening, tears, etc. Astigmatism is an inborn anomaly. It is corrected with cylindrical glasses.

AMBLYOPIA

Amblyopia is a constant and permanent decrease of the central vision without organic reasons in the eye. Most often, amblyopia develops in the lateral (deflected) eye together with short sightedness. Such an eye is excluded from the two-eye visual act and with time remains functionally underdeveloped (lazy eye). Strabismus amblyopia is a serious therapeutic problem because the connection between the visual apparatus of the two eyes is permanently disturbed and is very hard to restore. People with joint strabismus have one-eye vision and cannot merge the images from both eyes. Besides strabismus, amblyopia also occurs in children with very high farsightedness or large astigmatism (bilateral refraction or ametropic amblyopia). There is also inborn amblyopia.

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